Solar, wind, battery storage, carbon capture and sequestration, geothermal, produced water, brine, and lithium — the same land discipline applied to the energy transition.
Title, leasing, contracts, regulatory, and obligation management apply to every form of land-based energy. We work the same disciplined process for solar developers, wind farms, BESS operators, CCS sponsors, geothermal projects, water-rights brokers, and lithium-brine operators.
Options, leases, easements, and ground leases on the surface estate.
Severed mineral rights, NPRI consents, and surface-vs-mineral negotiation.
CCS pore space, geothermal reservoirs, brine and lithium minerals, water.
Utility-scale solar projects require land-control packages spanning thousands of acres — typically built through staged option-to-lease structures with development-stage and operations-stage rents.
Solar option agreement drafting and acquisition · Solar ground lease and easement negotiation · Title abstracting and surface-estate-only chain analysis · Mineral severance and surface waiver coordination with operators · Mortgagee subordination and SNDA agreements · Lender consent and title insurance coordination · Transmission interconnection easements · Crop loss, fence, and improvement compensation negotiation
Wind farms layer wind energy easements, access roads, transmission ROWs, and met-tower sites across thousands of contiguous acres.
Wind energy lease and easement drafting · Meteorological (met) tower site agreements · Access road and turbine pad easements · Collection-system underground easements · Substation site and switching yard acquisition · Transmission line ROW for gen-tie lines · Nuisance, noise, and shadow-flicker waivers · Decommissioning bond and reclamation covenants
Standalone and co-located battery energy storage projects require smaller-acreage but high-flexibility site control with grid interconnection rights, water access for fire-suppression, and noise / setback covenants.
BESS option-to-lease and ground lease drafting · Grid interconnection easements and gen-tie line ROW · Water access easements for thermal management and fire suppression · Setback, noise, and emergency-services covenants · Co-location agreements with solar or wind hosts · Lender SNDA and title insurance coordination
CCS projects need long-term, large-area pore-space control beneath the surface and below the producing mineral interval. The pore-space estate is treated differently across jurisdictions, and unitization rules are still developing.
Pore-space lease drafting and acquisition · Class VI injection well surface and subsurface rights · Mineral-pore-space severance analysis · CO2 plume area amalgamation and unitization · State pore-space statutes (TX, LA, ND, WY, MT, IL) compliance · Texas Class VI primacy and RRC regulatory coordination · EPA Class VI permit support and Area of Review (AoR) land documentation · Long-term monitoring, MVA, and post-closure liability allocation · 45Q tax credit qualification documentation · Stacked-storage and depleted-reservoir CCS coordination with existing operators
Hot-rock and produced-water geothermal projects require leasing structured to the heat resource rather than to mineral production — with terms tied to reservoir productivity and useful heat output.
Geothermal resource lease drafting · Heat-product royalty and useful-heat-output measurement · Co-produced geothermal from oil and gas wells · Surface lease for geothermal plant site · Federal geothermal lease coordination (BLM)
Produced water is the highest-volume byproduct of oil and gas operations. Disposal, recycling, and sale of produced water has become a substantial land-services business in its own right.
Saltwater disposal (SWD) lease and easement acquisition · Class II injection well surface and subsurface rights · Produced-water gathering pipeline ROW · Produced-water recycling facility site control · Produced-water sale agreements (under Texas HB 3246 and similar) · Brackish groundwater leasing for completions and recycling makeup · Texas Water Code groundwater conservation district (GCD) coordination
Brine production for lithium, bromine, and iodine is growing across the Smackover trend and other basins. Aggregate (sand, gravel, caliche), iron ore, and lignite all require separate mineral leasing distinct from the oil and gas estate.
Brine mineral lease drafting (Smackover and elsewhere) · Lithium-from-brine project site control · Direct lithium extraction (DLE) facility leasing · Sand, gravel, and aggregate mineral leasing · Iron ore, lignite, and other solid mineral leases · Mineral-classification and product-specific severance analysis
Water rights are a separate property estate in most western states. We work water leases, water well rights, surface-water diversion, and municipal-supply contracts for completions and new-energy projects.
Groundwater lease and water well rights · Surface-water diversion and riparian rights · Texas Water Code groundwater conservation district compliance · Municipal water supply contracts for completions · Water transportation pipeline ROW and easements · Water-recycling and reuse contracts
Hyperscale and colocation data centers are now one of the largest land-and-power demands in Texas and the broader Sun Belt. A modern hyperscale campus needs 100–500 acres of contiguous land, gigawatt-class transmission interconnection, water for cooling, and fiber routes for uplink — all under simultaneous land control.
Data center campus site acquisition (100–500+ acres) · Option-to-purchase and ground lease structures for hyperscaler tenants · Substation, switchyard, and gen-tie ROW for gigawatt-class interconnection · ERCOT and PUCT interconnection ROW coordination · Long-haul and metro fiber easement acquisition · Water supply, cooling water, and reclaimed water agreements · Behind-the-meter power generation site control (gas peaker, on-site solar, BESS) · Title, mineral severance, and surface waiver coordination with existing operators · Setback, noise, vibration, and emergency-services covenants · Property tax abatement (Chapter 313 successor / Chapter 403) coordination with school districts and counties · Construction laydown, temporary easements, and access road acquisition
Blue and green hydrogen projects, ammonia synthesis facilities, and e-fuel plants all require integrated land packages combining process-plant sites, feedstock pipelines, and subsurface storage caverns.
Hydrogen plant site acquisition and ground leases · Salt-cavern hydrogen storage rights · Ammonia and e-fuel facility site control · Feedstock pipeline ROW (natural gas, CO2, NH3, H2) · Port-adjacent and rail-adjacent site control for offtake
Wetland mitigation banks, species-conservation banks, and carbon-stored-in-forest projects all require long-term land control with conservation covenants.
Conservation easement drafting and acquisition · Wetland mitigation bank site control · Species conservation bank land control (lesser prairie chicken, dunes sagebrush lizard, etc.) · Forest-carbon project leases and aggregator contracts · USDA NRCS easement program support (WRE, ACEP)
Solar land leasing · utility-scale solar site control · solar option to lease · solar ground lease · wind energy lease · wind farm land services · meteorological tower agreement · battery energy storage BESS lease · BESS site control · carbon capture and sequestration CCS · Class VI well · pore space lease · CO2 sequestration land · 45Q tax credit · Area of Review AoR · Texas Class VI primacy · geothermal lease · co-produced geothermal · saltwater disposal SWD · Class II injection well · produced water recycling · produced water sale Texas HB 3246 · brackish groundwater · brine mineral lease · Smackover lithium · direct lithium extraction DLE · sand and gravel mineral lease · iron ore lignite mineral lease · water rights leasing · groundwater conservation district · hydrogen plant site · salt cavern hydrogen storage · ammonia e-fuel facility · conservation easement · wetland mitigation bank · species conservation bank · forest carbon project.
Solar, wind, BESS, CCS, geothermal, water, brine — same disciplined process.